작성일자: 2013.6.5.

작성자: 라고스 무역관 현지직원 Mr. Nathaniel Bassey Joseph

 

 

1. 생산현황

 

□ 나이지리아 참깨 생산 개요

 

 ○ Sesame Seed, also known as Beniseed, is an important oil seed crop which is believed to have originated from tropical Africa. Currently, about 25% of the world sesame seed is planted in Africa. Nigeria is one of the major producers of the crop. Sesame Seed is one of the product that is exported from Nigeria and it is the second largest export crop after cocoa.

 

□ 주산지 : 나사라와 주, 지가와 주, 베누에 주

 

 ○ The crop which is one of the oldest cash crops is Nigeria is produced is about 21 states of the federation. The major producing areas in order of priority are Nasarawa, Jigawa and Benue States. Other important areas of production are found in Yobe, Kano, Katsina, Kogi, Gombe and Plateau States.

 

□ 최근 3년간 재배 면적 및 생산량

 

 ○ 나이지리아 중앙은행 연차보고서에 따르면 참깨 생산량은 2009년 15만 8,000톤, 2010년 16만 8,000톤, 2011년 17만 9,000톤으로 나타남. 2012년 통계는 미발표 상태이나, 나이지리아 북부지역의 치안 불안으로 인해 재배면적 및 생산량은 감소하였을 것으로 추정됨

 

 ○ According to the Central Bank Annual Report for 2011, the quantity of Sesame Seed produced in 2009 was  158.2 thousand tones, while 168.0 thousand metric tons was produced in 2010. The quantity produced in 2011, thereafter increased to 179.6 thousand metric tons.

 

 ○ The figure for 2012 is not available but according to information from the exporters, the volume produce in 2012 would be lower due to the crises in the northern parts of the country caused by the Boko Haram insurgents.

 

□ 파종 및 수확시기: 4월에서 5월 사이 파종, 만생종은 8월 및 9월초 파종. 반면 수확은 7월초부터 8월까지 수확. 만생종은 11월에서 12월 사이 수확함.

 

 ○ Local planting of the crop starts from April to May and the late planting between August and early September. Early crops are harvested between July and August and late crops between November and December.

 

 ○ There are different processes by which sesame seed can be de-hulled. These are usually wet process which involves soaking the sesame seed in warm water or treatment with lye or hot dilute alkali to loosen the cuticle.

 

 ○ Production of Sesame Seed is done mostly by small scale farmers under very low management with an average yield of 700kg per hectare. Sesame Seeds are exported  by brokers or commodity exporters.

 

 ○ However, Olam Nigeria Limited, one of the major exporters of Sesame Seed established a Sesame out-grower scheme for the cultivation of 4,000 hectare of the products in 2006 involving 2,500 and 1,500 farmers in Nasarawa and Benue States respectively.

 

□ 주요 품종 분류 및 특징

 

 ○ There are 3types of Sesame Seed  varieties cultivated in Nigeria as shows on the table below;

Variety	Days to Maturity	Seed Color	Seed Size (mm)	Oil Content	Potential Yield (kg/ha)
NCRI BEN-01m	102-115	White	3	45%	1,000
NCRI BEN-02M	102-115	Light	3	45%	750
NCRI BEN-032	124-140	Brown	2	40%	600
E-8	90	White	3.6	50%	1,000
Yandev-55	125	Light	2.5	45%	600

Source: National Cereals Research Institute (나이지리아 Niger주 Badeggi 소재)

 

Variety	Nigerian Mixed Sesame seed - Kano Type	Nigerian Whitish   Sesame seed - Benue Type	Sesameseed - Hulled
Material	Nigerian mixed   sesame seed - machine cleaned	Nigerian Whitish   Sesame seed - machine cleaned	Nigerian Hulled   Sesame seed - Mechanical hulled and drying
Appearance	Small, oval shaped seeds	Small, oval shaped seeds	White and Silky
Color	Mainly light brown with some whitish present	Light Beige to brown	-
Odour	Typical	Typical	-
Taste	Typical	Typical	-
Impurities	Maximum 2%	Maximum 2%	99.9%
Oil Contents	Minimum 52%	Minimum 50%
FFA	Maximum 2%	Maximum 1%	Maximum 1.5%
Moisture	Maximum 7%	Maximum 7%	Maximum 5.5%
Colored Seeds	N/A	Maximum 1%
Packing	50kg new single   polypropylene bags Gross for nett Loose stowed - 19mt (380 x 50bags) per 20' container	50kg new single   polypropylene bags Gross for nett Loose stowed - 19mt (380 x 50bags) per 20'  container	25kg nett. paper bags with inner polylining 19mt per 20ft container

Source: National Cereals Research Institute (나이지리아 Niger주 Badeggi 소재)

 

2. 유통현황

 

□ 주 출하시기: 8~9월

 

□ 산지수매가격 및 도매시장가격

 

 ○ There is no price fixed. Local price per metric ton of sesame seed varies from N80,000 (516 dollars) during the peak season to about N120,000 (774 dollars) at the off season.  However, local price, when delivered in Lagos, could range from N130,000 (839 dollars) to N160,000 (1,032 dollars).

 

□ 주요 유통경로

 

 ○ The Sesame Seed business in Nigeria is dominated by many small holder farmers. The farmers in most cases sell directly to exporters but because in most cases they cannot make up the required volume for export, they bring their produce to major open markets within the producing states, where the middlemen act as brokers on behalf of the farmers for a fee. These middlemen sell directly to the exporters.

 

 ○ Some exporting companies have also established their representative offices in some of the major producing areas where they buy directly from the farmers. The Sesame Seed market is an open market and there is no price control.

 

□ 포장판매 형태

 

 ○ Sesame Seed for export are usually packed in Polypropylene Bags of 50kg or as requested by the importer.

 

□ 내수 및 수출동향

 

 ○ Industrial processing and utilization of sesame seed has not been fully developed in Nigeria. However, the product is locally process and utilized in various forms in the states where the crop is cultivated.  Principal among the use include as meal, extraction of oil and cake.

 

 ○ The seeds and the leaves are used to prepare local soup, while the oil is used for cooking as well as for medicinal purposes. the stem and the oil extract are also used in making local soap.

 

3. 수출동향

 

□ 최근 3년 수출량 및 주요 수출대상국

 

 ○ 나이지리아는 참깨 생산의 60~70%를 수출함. 주요 수출 대상국은 일본, 터키, 캐나다, 중국 등임.

 

 ○ Nigeria is said to export between 60~70% of the Sesame Seed produced, and the major markets are Japan, Turkey, Canada and China. Japan is one of the largest importers of Sesame Seed from Nigeria.

 

 ○ According to available statistics, the value of Sesame Seed exported from Nigeria in 2010 was 639,145,404 dollars, while in 2011 the value of the crop exported was 387,589,970. dollars.

 

 ○ 나이지리아 참깨 수출 통계 (HS Code 1207.40)

                                                                                                (단위: 달러)

No.	Country	2010	2011
	Total	639,145,404	794,131,802
1	Algeria	2,243,027	430,343
2	Antarctica	6,945,403	-
3	Antiqua and Barbuda	11,125,748	319,262
4	Australia	5,301,569	-
5	Belgium	3,587,937	-
6	Bouvet Island	38,657,317	-
7	Brazil	21,816,299	3,889,360
8	China	23,291,149	19,278,329
9	Japan	90,036,921	466,984,455
10	Lebanon	5,892,008	401,333
11	Singapore	32,163,835	47,549,921
12	Turkey	334,754,292	248,192,766
13	UAE	3,498,588	861,213
14	USA	9,122,192	21,667
15	Vietnam	15,565,074	278,188
16	Others	35,144,045	5,924,965

Source:  National Bureau of Statistics, Abuja

 

 ○ Currently there is said to be a high demand for sesame seed from Nigeria at the international market. Japan is one of the largest importers of sesames seed from Nigeria. The product is also exported to over 40 countries  according to statistics in 2011.

 

 ○ Experts say that the total volume for 2012 will be lower due to the crises in the northern parts of the country which is the major production area for the crop.

 

□ 수출 형태

 

 ○ 포장: PP 포장(중량 25kg, 또는 50kg),

 

 ○ 컨테이너로 수출(냉장 컨테이너는 사용하지 않음)

 

 ○ 주요 항구: 라고스 Apapa, Tincan Island 항구

 

□ 수출 관련 정책 등 참고사항

 

 ○ There is no restriction on the exportation of Sesame Seed from Nigeria. The Federal Government encourages export and also provide export incentives to the exporters, managed by the Nigerian Export Promotion Council (NEPC).

 

 ○ The Nigerian Export Promotion Council(나이지리아 수출진흥공사) in collaboration with the Nigerian Export-Import Bank (NEXIM; 나이지리아 수출입은행) also provide some facility to provide direct financial assistance to qualified registered companies under special credit scheme to undertake exports of Sesame Seed from Nigeria.

 

 ○ Such exporters must be registered creditworthy export company that is incorporated in Nigeria and is a certified member of the National Sesame Seed Association of Nigeria (NSSAN).

 

 ○ 수출가격

  - Export Price for Sesame Seed varies depending on the type and form of the product, and the negotiating price with the buyers. It could range from 1,200 to 1,600 dollars per metric ton.

 

□ 수출회사 연락처, 담당자 등

 

 ○ Some of the major players in the Sesame Seed market in Nigeria are, Olam Nigeria Limited, West African Cotton Company Limited (WACOT), and RMM Global Co.

 

1	RMM Global Company Limited
Contact Person/Position		Mr. Ramzi Taher/Managing Director
Contact Person/Position		Mr. Ali Sulaiman/General Manager
Telephone		234-803-5053311, 234-8033236080
Email		rmm@rmmglobal.co
Website		www.rmmglobal.net
Address		7 Mai Malari Road,   Bompai Kano, Nigeria
Year of Establishment		2003 (Rc. 494975)
No. of Employees		800
Exporting Items		Sesame Seed, Hibiscus Flower, Gum Arabic , Ginger, Chili Pepper and Beeswax
Exporting Countries		Far East, Middle East, Europe, Central and North America
Export Volume (2011)		8,000 metric tons
Remarks		This company based in Kano State, is said to be one of the major exporters of Agricultural commodities in the country including sesame seed. They have a Sesame Seed processing plant in Lafia, Nassarawa State capable of cleaning over 150 metric tons of 99.9% pure cleaned Natural Sesame Seed. They have a Sesame seed de hulling plant which includes an optical sorter with a capacity to produce over 10 metric tons/8 hour day, of premium water hulled sesame seeds. From Kano, the company export over 8000 metric tons of Sesame seed. The company have begun the producing of Sesame Paste (Tahina) for the local market and intend to   beginning marketing for exports in 2014.

 

2	West African Cotton Co. Limited
Contact Person		Mr. Vineet Kumar Rai
Position		General Manager/Sesame   Division
Telephone		234-7062920749
Email		vineet@clicktgi.net or wacot@clicktgi.net
Website		www.clicktgi.net
Address		4A, Wempco Road, Ogba, Ikeja, Lagos.
Year of Establishment		Started trading in Sesame Seed in 1998
No. of Employees		n.a.
Exporting Items		1) Oil Crushing Grade 2) Premium Quality Hulled Sesame Seed (PQHSS) 3) Natural Color Sorted Sesame Seeds
Exporting Countries		Germany, Holland, Turkey and USA
Export Volume (2011)		Not stated, but according to Mr. Rai, the company has installed capacity to mechanically clean 15,000 metric ton of Sesame seed and an ultra modern facility with   12,000 metric ton capacity to mechanically de-hull the sesame seed. By October 2013, they will have 40,000 metric ton cleaning facility as three new units are coming up.
Remarks		The company aspire to be the largest sesame exporter from Nigeria by 2014~2015.

 

3	Olam International Limited
Contact Person		Mr. Noel Ferrao
Position		Head, Sesame Processing
Telephone		234-805-2096774
Email		Noel.Ferrao@olamnet.com
Website		http://olamonline.com
Address		Plot 5 & 6, Abebe Village Road, opp. Fist Bank Regional Office, Iganmu, Lagos.
Year of Establishment		1989 (Rc. 140655)
No. of Employees		n.a.
Exporting Items		Cocoa Beans, Cotton Lint, Sesame Seed
Exporting Countries		Japan, Germany, USA, Netherlands, Italy, Syria, Spain, Turkey, UK, China and Greece
Export Volume (2011)		US$ 444,020,924.89
Remarks		This company is based in Kano with a Sesame Seed processing plant in Lafia, Nassarawa State.

* 재외교민 선호 품종 현황 : 조사 불가

* 나이지리아에는 한국 식당이 없음. 전체 교민은 약 200명이고, 라고스에 150명 거주, 수도인 아부자에 50명 거주함. 한국 진출기업 주재원 가정의 경우 한국에서 이사시 참깨 등을 들여오거나, 수시 국내 출장을 통해 생필품 구입, 들여오는 형태임. 따라서 해당 내용 조사가 어려운 점 양지하여 주시기 바람.